Rolling stock traction & auxiliaries, carbody/crew systems, train control & signaling, passenger information, wayside & station systems, traction power & substations, plus EMC/safety/compliance. Each card links to a focused page.
Rolling Stock Traction & Auxiliaries
Traction Inverter
IGBT/SiC gate drivers, isolated ΣΔ current/voltage sensing, DC-link monitoring, thermal and fault protection.
Auxiliary Converter (HVAC/Lighting/Charger)
PFC/LLC control, isolated drives, PMBus digital power with fault handling and telemetry.
Pantograph & DC Link Control
Motor actuation, position/pressure AFE, insulation and arc detection, event recording.
Traction Motor & Axle Speed Sensing
Resolver/encoder interfaces, Hall/MR AFEs with isolation and noise immunity.
Brake Control Unit (EBD/EP)
Pressure/speed AFEs, valve/pump drivers, redundant MCU with fault voting and diagnostics.
Sanding & Anti-Slip
Motor/valve control, speed/acceleration AFEs, event triggers and logging.
Onboard Battery & Charger
BMS and metering, isolated DC-DC, balancing & insulation monitoring, watchdog.
HV Insulation & Ground Monitor
Insulation injection/measurement AFEs, leakage/ground-fault detection, isolated communications.
Onboard PDU & Protection
eFuse/high-side switches, relay/contactor drivers, surge/lightning protection and telemetry.
Carbody & Crew Systems
Door Control Unit
Motor/actuator drivers, pinch/torque sensing AFEs, redundant inputs, event/fault logs.
Suspension & Air Spring
Pressure/height sensing, valve drivers, vibration monitoring, isolated communications.
HVAC Controller for Rolling Stock
Compressor/fan drivers, temperature/humidity/CO₂ AFEs, power metering and protections.
Driver Desk & HMI
Touch/encoder interfaces, display/backlight drivers, audio/video codecs, Ethernet/serial.
Event Recorder / Black Box
Acceleration/speed capture, trusted timestamps/signatures, NVMe with holdup, encryption/HSM.
Train Backbone Ethernet/ECN/WTB/MVB Gateway
TSN switching, PTP hardware timestamping, isolated PHYs with watchdog/PMIC.
Train Control & Monitoring System (TCMS)
Safety MCU/SoC, isolated I/O modules, redundant comms, logging and self-test.
Train Control, Signaling & Safety
CBTC/ETCS Onboard Unit
Safety SoC, positioning/speed AFEs, radio/balise interfaces, crypto and secure boot.
Balise / Transponder
RF front-end/demod, low-power MCU, event timestamps with diagnostics and storage.
Axle Counter / Track Circuit Receiver
Preamp/detector, thresholds with self-test, isolated comms and interference-hardened clocks.
Interlocking & Vital Logic
Lockstep/redundant MCUs, 1oo2/2oo3 voters, isolated I/O and event recording.
ATP/ATO/ATS Interfaces
Serial/Ethernet/safety buses, time synchronization, HSM and isolated transceivers.
Train Radio (GSM-R/FRMCS/4G/5G)
Modem baseband+RF, Ethernet/TSN, GNSS/precision timing, encryption and key storage.
Train-to-Ground (T2G) Gateway
Cellular/private multi-link aggregation, Ethernet/PoE, time sync and hardware root-of-trust.
Passenger Information & Support
Passenger Information System (PIS)
Video decode SoCs, LED/LCD drivers, audio amps, Ethernet/PoE distribution.
Onboard CCTV
Imaging sensors/ISP, H.265/H.266 encoding, Ethernet/PoE with storage and signed watermarks.
APC / People Counting
ToF/stereo/thermal AFEs, edge AI SoCs, timing/sync, Ethernet/Wi-Fi links.
Intercom & PA/GA
Mic-array AFEs, AEC/codec SoCs, Ethernet/PoE with backup power.
Passenger Wi-Fi / Captive Portal
AP SoCs, Ethernet/PoE distribution, billing/security, temperature/power monitoring.
Ticketing & AFC
NFC/contactless readers, QR imaging, secure elements & secure boot, Ethernet/serial.
Wayside & Station Systems
Wayside Interlocking I/O Cabinet
Isolated AI/DI/DO, high-side/relay drivers, time synchronization and black-box logs.
Platform Screen Door (PSD) Controller
Motor drives, position/pinch AFEs, redundant inputs, Ethernet/RS-485.
Signal Head & Point Machine
High-side/relay drivers, position/current monitoring, diagnostics and remote control.
Wayside Power & UPS
Digital PFC/LLC power, eFuse/hot-swap, PMBus telemetry and event recording.
PA & Signage
Audio DSP/amps, display drivers, network/PoE distribution with time sync.
Trackside Environment & Intrusion
Radar/fiber-optic perimeter AFEs, acceleration/vibration sensing, edge MCU with Ethernet/cellular.
Traction Power & Substation
Traction Substation Converter
Digital power-control SoCs, gate drivers, isolated measurements, grid-tie and protection AFEs.
HV Switchgear & Breaker Control
Current/voltage sensing AFEs, relay/drives, event and lifetime counters.
Traction SCADA & RTU
Multi-protocol gateways with Ethernet/serial/fiber, time sync, encryption and security.
Return & Stray Current Monitor
High-CMR differential AFEs with ΣΔ modulators and trusted event timestamps.
Overhead Line / Third Rail Monitor
Arc/voltage/thermal AFEs, vibration/displacement capture, wireless/Ethernet backhaul.
EMC, Safety & Compliance
Rail PSU & Transients (EN 50155/50121)
Wide-VIN front-ends with surge/lightning/ESD protection, holdup energy, temperature & event logging.
Crypto & Anti-Tamper
Secure boot, SE/TRNG, firmware signing, integrity and remote attestation.
Timing & Sync for Rail
GNSS/OCXO, IEEE-1588/PTP hardware timestamps, jitter-cleaning PLLs and redundant time bases.
Isolation for Rail Communications
Digital isolators and isolated transceivers (RS-485/CAN/Ethernet) with common-mode suppression.
Diagnostics & Health Monitoring
Multi-sensor acquisition, anomaly-detection ICs, reporting interfaces and predictive maintenance.
